Scales & Measures
Big Five Inventory (BFI)
Description:
The Big Five Inventory (BFI) is a widely used self-report questionnaire that assesses personality traits based on the Five-Factor Model. It measures five broad dimensions of personality: openness to experience, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism.
# of Items:
44
Scale Type:
Likert-Type
Reference:
Creativity Scale
Description:
A self-report instrument measuring employee creativity in the work environment.
# of Items:
13
Scale Type:
Likert-Type
Reference:
Tsai, C.-Y., Horng, J.-S., Liu, C.-H., & Hu, D.-C. (2015). Creativity Scale [Database record]. APA PsycTests. https://doi.org/10.1037/t44741-000
Ethnocentrism Scale
Description:
A revised Ethnocentrism Scale, containing 22 items, but only scoring 15 items.
# of Items:
15
Scale Type:
Likert-Type
Reference:
Neuliep, J. W. (2002). Assessing the Reliability and Validity of the Generalized Ethnocentrism Scale, Journal of Intercultural Communication Research, 31, 201-215.
Generalized Attitude Measure
Description:
This is a measure which can be used for any attitude topic--an evaluation of any general idea. The example below employs the topic of "Capital Punishment." To use for any other topic, simply substitute the other topic. This measure is not used for "belief" concepts--such as "My teacher is an excellent professor." For these types of beliefs, see the Generalized Belief Scale.
# of Items:
6
Scale Type:
Semantic Differential
Reference:
McCroskey, J. C. (1966).Experimental studies of the effects of ethos and evidence in persuasive communication. Unpublished doctoral dissertation .Pennsylvania State University.
McCroskey, J. C., & Richmond, V. P.(1989).Bipolar scales. In P. Emmert & L. L. Barker (Eds.), Measurement of Communication Behavior (pp. 154-167).New York: Longman.
McCroskey, J. C., & Richmond, V. P.(1996).Fundamentals of human communication: An interpersonal perspective. Prospect Heights, IL: Waveland Press.
Homophily Scales
Description:
this is a set of scales to measure two of three levels of homophily: Attitude, background. Demographics is not measured, as it would be best measured using observations of similarities.
# of Items:
8
Scale Type:
Semantic Differential
Reference:
Image Fixation Questionnaire
Description:
This is a self-report measure which was designed to measure an individual's sensitivity to their own appearance.
# of Items:
30
Scale Type:
Likert-Type (Binary format)
Reference:
Richmond, V. P., & McCroskey, J. C. (2004). Nonverbal behavior in interpersonal relations (5th Ed.). Boston, MA: Allyn & Bacon.
Introversion Scale
Description:
This is an introversion scale, which keeps the construct separate from communication apprehension.
# of Items:
18
Scale Type:
Likert-Type
Reference:
Eysenck, H. J. (1970). Readings in extraversion-introversion: Volume I. New York: Wiley-Interscience.
Eysenck, H. J. (1971). Readings in extraversion-introversion: Volume II. New York: Wiley-Interscience.
Personal Report of Communication Apprehension(PRCA-24)
Description:
This scale measures communication apprehension, including four sub scores of apprehension: Group Discussion, Interpersonal, Meetings, and Public Speaking.
# of Items:
24
Scale Type:
Likert-Type
Reference:
McCroskey, J. C. (1982). An introduction to rhetorical communication (4th Ed). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
Shyness Scale
Description:
This is a scale to measure shyness. it does not confound the construct of shyness with communication apprehension.
# of Items:
14
Scale Type:
Likert-Type
Reference:
McCroskey, J. C., & Richmond, V. P. (1982). Communication apprehension and shyness: Conceptual and operational distinctions. Central States Speech Journal, 33, 458-468.
Situational Communication Apprehension Measure (SCAM)
Description:
This scale measures communication apprehension with any context. It is best used for a specific context and not as a general apprehension measure.
# of Items:
20
Scale Type:
Likert-Type
Reference:
Richmond, V. P. (1978). The relationship between trait and state communication apprehension and interpersonal perception during acquaintance stages. Human Communication Research, 4, 338-349.
Source Credibility Measure
Description:
This measure is composed of three dimensions of source credibility: Competence, trustworthiness, and goodwill/caring.
# of Items:
18
Scale Type:
Semantic Differential
Reference:
McCroskey, J. C., &Teven, J. J. (1999).Goodwill: A reexamination of the construct and its measurement. Communication Monographs, 66, 90-103.
Test (Evaluation) Anxiety
Description:
This scale measures the apprehension a students experience when they are evaluated by a test.
# of Items:
20
Scale Type:
Likert-Type
Reference:
Richmond, V. P., Wrench, J. S., & Gorham, J. (2001). Communication, affect, and learning in the classroom. Acton, MA: Tapestry Press.